Attached is the interim result of theControl and Input Work Group in html. -- Randy Dipner President Meeting the Challenge, Inc. 3630 Sinton Road, Suite 103 Colorado Springs, Colorado 80907-5072 719-578-8448 (voice/TTY) 719-444-0269 (fax) email: dipner@mtc-inc.comTitle: OPERATION
Product Controls and Information Input
Elements or Types of Controls and Input
Keypads (telephony, numeric, additional keys)
Keyboards (alpha-numeric keyboards)
Biometric identification (fingerprint/retinal scan/voiceprint)
Material input (paper into fax/copier, disk into computer)
Elements or Types of Controls and Input
Barriers
Simultaneous actions required
Weight
Grip/manipulation
Fall free
Locating the latch
Closes on you
Solutions
Avoid using elements requiring simultaneous actins
If necessary provide sequential operation/sticky-key-like
Tether or hinge to prevent fall free
Provide a hold in position or counterbalance to prevent free closing
Barriers
Size
Tactile decernability
Tactile discriminability
Identification (color and size of labels)
Different shapes
Identification without activation
Activation pressure (too little/too much)
Activation feedback
Single vs multi-function
Implemented as a relative control
Small and Recessed
Convex not recessed (unbounded)
Location out of reach range
Location out of visual range
Texture (slippery)
Spacing and/or separation
Simultaneous activation required
Mechanical activation
Solutions
Provide alternate, non-mechanical control
Keypads (telephony, numeric, additional keys)
Barriers
All of the things that are barriers for buttons
Layout of numeric keys
Layout of additional keys
Orientation
Compatibility with accessibility peripherals
Confirmation of sequential inputs (PIN)
Solutions
Use ITU-T E.161 standard for telephony style layout
Use 10-key standard for numeric keypads
Provide means to discern between two styles
Provide identification on keys
Provide standard layout for additional keys
Provide identification markers to indicate orientation
Standardize orientation as top to bottom, left to right
Keyboards (alpha-numeric keyboards)
Barriers
All of the things that are barriers for buttons
Layout
Orientation
Compatibility with accessibility peripherals
Provide identification of arrangement (qwerty, Dvorak, alphabetic)
Provide identification markers to indicate orientation
Standardize orientation as top to bottom, left to right
Switches
Barriers
Size
Tactile decernability
Tactile discriminability
Identification (color and size of labels)
Identification without activation
Activation pressure (too little/too much)
Activation feedback
Single vs multi-function
Implemented as a relative control
Small and Recessed
Location out of reach range
Location out of visual range
Texture (slippery)
Spacing and/or separation
Requires mechanical activation
Different shapes
Provide alternate activation method
Graphical controls
Components of graphical controls
Combo box
Image map
Entry field
Radio buttons
Check boxes
Menus (minimum to distinguish)
Barriers
Direct manipulation interface
Navigability
Different from other controls in that they are not physical in nature
Dials
Barriers
Size
Location
Identification
Turnability
Spacing/separtation
Identify on/off position
Identify function of dial
Identify setting of dial
Knobs
Barriers
Function discernability (at least two modes)
Function differentiable
Setting (current, zero)
Size
Force for operation
Operation feedback
Degree of rotation required (twisting)
Solutions
Differentiate setting by knob shape
Provide multiple modes of operation feedback (tactile, audible, visual)
Sliders
Barriers
Similar to switches and knobs
Smooth/slippery operation and resistance
Knowing where you are and the whole range
Common issues with buttons (location, identification, etc.)
Intermetiate detents
Incremental control
Barriers
Size of knob or wheel
Combination twist and push
Perceiving what you are controlling (feedback)
Locating
Ability to grip control
Feedback
Labeling
Color
Consistent location
Feel it without changing it
Adjustability of force
Adjustability of resolution
Indent for fingers
Detents (should match markings)
Force feedback
Touch screen only
Barriers
Visual problems
Identification of function
Confirmation of function
Touch area (size, location, type, amount of force)
Allow touch by stick
Allow software control of pressure, area, etc.
Use voice activation and audible confirmation
Touch screen with keyboard
Barriers
Similar to touch screen without keyboard
Keyboard provides alternative input
Membrane keyboard/switch
Barriers
Basically all the same apply
Visual
Size
Location
Pressure
Biometric identification (fingerprint/retinal scan/voiceprint)
Barriers
absence of physical part (eye, hand, larynx)
variance from norm/number of parts (4 fingers, occluded retina)
variability of part’s identifiable characteristic (voice tone, macular degeration/retinal changes)
location or operation of reader device (height of retinal scanner, reach range for fingerprint reader)
manipulation of controls of reader device, e.g. buttons, knobs, etc (reference to any/all of above standards for different types of controls)
sensitivity of device, or degree of force/precision required for operation
recognition of physical element vs. performance of task (speaking a specific word vs. any voice tone; gaze at specific spot vs. retinal print)
device to accept variable forms/number of physical part, alternate parts of body (accept print from any finger, not just thumb)
device to comply with all reach/manipulation standards for applicable controls
use minimum sensitivity and maximum allowance for variability that still gives positive ID
make function of device based on recognition vs. performance
Keys
Barriers
Size
Locating the key and the receptical
Pressure
Coordination for insertion
Direction of turning key
Identification of activation
Also electronic keys (light comes on when inserted before able to tun key)
Feedback that you are turning key the wrong way
Electronic key/card/card slot
Barriers
Orientation of card and slot and matching
Recognition of activation
Significant research in Europe
Knotches on card
Contactless cards
Alternatives to cards
Pointing devices
Types of pointing devices
Mouse
Trackball
Touch pad
Trackpoint
Joy-stick
Barriers
Motor issues
Size
Shape
Location
Pressure
Texture
Layout
Simultaneous, sequential, timing/repeat
Physical contact required
Identification of activation
Identification/feedback of device function/control
Voice/microphone
Barriers
Voice recognition
Vocalization required
Input by voice only or requires clear speech
Must hold microphone close to mouth
Wired microphone
Low voice volume
Voice ID
Won’t recognize deaf voice or synthesized speech
Provide dual mode of input
Dual mode or no voice required
Headset
Phase array microphone
Wireless microphone
Amplification
Alternative ID
Tuned voice recognition
Material input (paper into fax/copier, disk into computer)
Barriers
Location within reach range
Dexterity requirement
Orientation of inserted material
Solutions
Meet standard reach ranges
Funneling device
Better labeling/icons describing proper orientation
Allow multiple orientation (EWOK)